2. In the 750L passage, what does the word privateer describe?

1. A sailor who explored only for science and never took part in any trade, war, or government plans.
2. A captain who had permission from a government to attack enemy ships and share the treasure with the people who sent him.
3. A person who stayed in port to write maps and never went to sea or joined a ship’s crew.
4. A farmer who traded crops with nearby villages and did not care about what happened on the ocean.

3. According to the passage, why were Spanish ships such important targets for Drake?

1. They carried silver, gold, and spices from Spanish colonies, so capturing them could hurt Spain’s trade and bring wealth to England.
2. They were the only ships that knew how to sail across the Atlantic Ocean and guide English ships safely home.
3. They traded only in simple goods like wood and stone that no other countries wanted to buy or sell.
4. They were owned by Queen Elizabeth, who asked Drake to return them to English harbors after each voyage.

4. Which danger listed in the passage was a risk for Drake and his crew during their plunders?

1. Getting lost in deserts far from any rivers, mountains, or coastal towns they could visit for help.
2. Facing bad harvests on English farms and running out of food while living on land with their families.
3. Being forced to stop sailing because no one in Europe was interested in trade, exploration, or treasure.
4. Surviving storms, sickness, and battles at sea, and facing punishment as pirates if they were captured by Spanish forces.

5. How did Queen Elizabeth feel about Drake’s plunders, based on the 750L passage?

1. She ordered him to stop at once and never attack Spanish ships again because she did not want any treasure from the sea.
2. She was pleased that his raids brought treasure and power to England, even though she did not always admit this openly to Spain.
3. She was unaware of his voyages and learned about them only after he had already retired from sailing.
4. She thought his trips were mostly failures because he never explored new waters or returned with useful information.

6. Which sentence best explains one important result of Drake’s plunders for England?

1. They convinced England to stay away from the ocean and to depend only on farming at home for its future wealth.
2. They caused England to lose interest in exploration and to give Spain control of every trade route across the Atlantic.
3. They brought treasure and confidence to England and helped the country see itself as a growing sea power.
4. They forced England to pay Spain for protection and led to the closing of English ports for many years.

7. Which idea from the 750L passage shows that Drake’s story is complex and not just about easy glory?

1. “Today, historians see him as a complicated figure—both a skilled explorer and a man whose actions brought hardship to Spain and to people living in its colonies.”
2. “Drake became known for his daring attacks on Spanish ships and towns.”
3. “Drake and his crew faced storms, sickness, and the risk of battle.”
4. “During one famous voyage, Drake sailed into the Pacific Ocean, captured rich prizes, and then continued sailing west around the world.”

2. Why did Elizabeth’s government give Drake “letters of marque,” according to the passage?

1. They wanted Drake to defend Spanish treasure fleets and keep them safe until they reached European ports.
2. They wanted him to act as a privateer so he could legally seize enemy ships, share the profits with investors and the crown, and weaken Spain without using only royal warships.
3. They hoped to stop all trade in the Atlantic Ocean and ordered Drake to sink every ship he saw, regardless of its flag.
4. They needed Drake to lead land armies in Europe instead of sailing and believed the letters would keep him away from the sea.

3. Which quotation from the passage best shows how Drake’s raids affected Spain’s empire?

1. “He raided ports along the Caribbean and Pacific coasts, burned storehouses, and captured heavily loaded ships.”
2. “For Drake and his crew, plunder promised both danger and opportunity.”
3. “Not every voyage returned home with holds full of treasure.”
4. “When Spain later launched the Spanish Armada in 1588, Drake and other experienced captains played key roles in defending England.”

4. According to the 900L passage, what were some of the wider consequences of Drake’s plunders?

1. They convinced Spain to abandon the Americas entirely and to close all of its ports to European trade.
2. They led England to give up privateering and to rely only on peaceful trade agreements with rival nations.
3. They caused Indigenous communities to take complete control of European ships and force them to stay away from colonial ports.
4. They brought wealth and experience to England but also caused losses for Spanish sailors and colonists and drew Indigenous peoples into new conflicts.

5. Which detail best explains why investors were willing to finance Drake’s voyages?

1. They were required by law to pay for ships and never had a choice about where the money would be used.
2. They expected every voyage to succeed because there were no storms, diseases, or enemy ships in the Atlantic or Pacific oceans.
3. They knew that if plundered treasure was brought home, the profits could be shared among sailors, merchants, and royal officials who had helped fund the expedition.
4. They believed Drake would refuse to attack any ship and would bring back only scientific samples and weather reports.

6. Which idea from the passage best supports the claim that Drake’s plunders helped England grow as a sea power?

1. “Drake’s own crews endured long months of hunger, disease, and harsh discipline.”
2. “The wealth he brought home strengthened the English navy and encouraged more investment in overseas ventures.”
3. “Indigenous communities living near Spanish towns were drawn into conflicts they had not chosen.”
4. “Not every voyage returned home with holds full of treasure.”

7. Based on the 900L passage, which statement best describes how historians view Drake’s legacy today?

1. They see him as a minor sailor whose voyages had little impact on European rivalry, trade, or empire building.
2. They agree that he was a perfect hero whose actions brought only positive results and caused no serious harm to others.
3. They view him as a complex figure who combined skilled navigation and bold leadership with plunder that brought wealth to England but hardship to many others.
4. They conclude that he did not really exist and that stories about his voyages are based only on legend and myth.