Idaho

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Idaho - The Gem State

Introduction to Idaho

Idaho, often called the "Gem State," is located in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Known for its breathtaking landscapes, Idaho features towering mountains, vast forests, fertile valleys, and more than 3,000 miles of rivers. Its natural beauty makes it a favorite destination for outdoor enthusiasts who enjoy hiking, fishing, skiing, and whitewater rafting.

History and Heritage

Long before becoming a state in 1890, Idaho was home to Native American tribes such as the Nez Perce, Shoshone, and Coeur d’Alene. The Lewis and Clark Expedition passed through the region in the early 1800s, and pioneers followed in search of new opportunities. Mining and agriculture played important roles in the state’s early growth, while today, technology and education have joined its diverse economy.

Culture and Attractions

Idaho is known for its welcoming communities and deep connection to the land. Boise, the state capital, offers a mix of cultural attractions, universities, and vibrant neighborhoods. Visitors can explore landmarks such as Shoshone Falls, often called the "Niagara of the West," or enjoy the scenic beauty of Sun Valley, a famous ski resort. Idaho continues to balance tradition with innovation while celebrating its unique natural wonders.

Maine Symbols

Fast Facts and Interesting Facts

Fact	Detail	Interesting Facts
Region	Northwest (Rocky Mountain region)	Idaho produces about one-third of all U.S. potatoes, giving it worldwide fame for its spuds. Hells Canyon in Idaho is the deepest river gorge in North America, deeper than the Grand Canyon. The state has more than 3,000 miles of rivers—more than any other U.S. state. Shoshone Falls on the Snake River is nicknamed the “Niagara of the West” and is taller than Niagara Falls. Sun Valley, Idaho, is considered the birthplace of the modern ski resort and popularized skiing in the U.S. Idaho has significant deposits of gems, which is why it’s called the “Gem State.” Over 70 types of precious and semi-precious stones are found here. Boise, the capital, is known as the “City of Trees,” with a greenbelt of parks and trails along the Boise River. Idaho is home to the Nez Perce and Shoshone-Bannock tribes, among others, with rich Native American history. The Idaho State Capitol building in Boise is heated by geothermal water pumped from hot springs beneath the ground. Idaho has one of the largest Basque communities in the U.S., particularly in Boise, where Basque culture is celebrated with festivals and food.
Population	~1.9 million (2025 est.)
Area	83,569 sq mi (14th largest)
Statehood Date	July 3, 1890 (43rd state)
Capital City	Boise
Largest City	Boise
Abbreviation	ID
Nickname	"Gem State"
Geography	Mountainous with rivers, lakes, forests, and fertile valleys
Bordering States	Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming, Montana; also borders Canada
Economy	Agriculture (potatoes, wheat, barley, sugar beets), mining, forestry, manufacturing, technology
State Tree	Western White Pine
State Bird	Mountain Bluebird


Our Content
	Interactive and Printable Idaho Maps and Map Activities This section features numerous interactive and printable Idaho maps. Students can even use our Maptivation program to make their own Idaho map.

	History of Idaho Idaho became a U.S. territory in 1863 during the Civil War, after gold discoveries drew settlers to the region. It achieved statehood on July 3, 1890, becoming the 43rd state in the Union.

	Famous People from Idaho Idaho is home to Sacagawea, the Lemhi Shoshone woman who helped guide the Lewis and Clark Expedition. It also nurtured Philo Farnsworth, who grew up in Rigby and went on to invent the first fully functional television.

	Idaho Literacy and Comprehension Exercises This section offers a variety of literacy and reading comprehension activities, including engaging passages with question sets, cloze reading exercises, and lessons on text elements and structure. These resources are generally suitable for students in grades 4–8.

	Fun Idaho Printables and Coloring Activities This section features fun and educational Idaho-themed coloring activities and printables, including state symbols, a state flag outline, a 'Welcome to Idaho' sign, and much more!

	Fun Idaho and United States Online Games This section provides some really exciting online games such as Montana or Not Montana, Collage America, Ameriquake, Conquer the States, Draw America, and several more.