Early Life

William Frederick "Buffalo Bill" Cody was born on February 26, 1846, in Le Claire, Iowa. He grew up on the American frontier during a time of great change and westward expansion. As a boy, he worked on a wagon train and later became a scout for the U.S. Army. Cody also hunted buffalo to provide meat for railroad workers—earning him the nickname "Buffalo Bill."

Famous Scout and Soldier

Buffalo Bill became famous as a scout during the Indian Wars. He was known for his bravery and tracking skills, helping guide soldiers and protect settlers. In 1872, he received the Medal of Honor for his service as a civilian scout for the U.S. Army. His adventures were turned into dime novels, making him a legend in his own time.

Wild West Showman

In 1883, Buffalo Bill started "Buffalo Bill's Wild West," a traveling show that brought the frontier to audiences across America and Europe. The show included horseback riding, sharpshooting, Native American performers, and reenactments of famous battles. People from around the world came to see the Wild West in action. One of the most famous performers in the show was sharpshooter Annie Oakley.

Buffalo Bill Cody Postage Stamp

Later Years and Legacy

Buffalo Bill's Wild West show ran for over 30 years, making him one of the most well-known Americans of his time. Even after the frontier was gone, his performances helped shape how people remembered the Old West. Cody died in 1917, but his image as a cowboy, scout, and showman continues to be remembered in books, movies, and museums.

Discussion Questions

1. Why was Buffalo Bill given his famous nickname?
2. How did Buffalo Bill become a national and international celebrity?
3. What role did the Wild West show play in shaping people's ideas about the American frontier?
4. Do you think Buffalo Bill's shows were accurate or exaggerated? Why?

Glossary

• Frontier: The edge of settled land where new areas were being explored and settled.
• Scout: A person who goes ahead to find information about an area, often used by the military.
• Dime novel: A cheap, popular book that told exciting stories, often about the West.
• Sharpshooter: Someone who is very skilled at shooting a gun accurately.
• Reenactment: A performance that shows a past event, often a battle or important moment in history.