Introduction

The story of Pocahontas, the Native American woman who allegedly saved the life of English colonist John Smith and fostered peace between the Powhatan tribe and the Jamestown settlers, has captivated imaginations for centuries. However, behind the romanticized narrative lies a darker chapter in history: the controversial abduction of Pocahontas by English colonists. This event, often overshadowed by the myth of Pocahontas, sheds light on the complex and often turbulent interactions between Native Americans and European colonizers in early America.

Why? 

In the early 17th century, the Virginia colony was fraught with tension and conflict between English settlers and the indigenous Powhatan Confederacy, led by Chief Powhatan. Against this backdrop, Pocahontas, the daughter of Chief Powhatan, emerged as a key figure in the relationship between the two cultures. Her interactions with the English, particularly her alleged intervention to save John Smith, have been romanticized and mythologized over the years.

The Kidnapping Incident

In 1613, tensions between the English and Powhatan escalated, leading to a violent confrontation. During a visit to the Patawomeck tribe, Pocahontas was captured by English colonists under the command of Captain Samuel Argall. Some historians argue that her abduction was part of a strategy to leverage her as a bargaining chip in negotiations with Chief Powhatan, while others view it as a calculated move to exert control over the indigenous population.

The circumstances surrounding Pocahontas's abduction have been a subject of debate among historians. Some argue that she was taken by force, while others suggest that her capture may have been orchestrated with the cooperation or consent of members of her own tribe.

Life in Captivity

Following her capture, Pocahontas was taken to Jamestown, where she was held captive for over a year. During this time, she was baptized as "Rebecca" and converted to Christianity. She also met and eventually married English colonist John Rolfe, a union that was seen as a symbol of reconciliation between the English and Powhatan tribes.

Discussion Questions

1. Why was Pocahontas an important figure in early American history?
2. What were the reasons the English kidnapped Pocahontas?
3. What happened to Pocahontas while she was held by the English?
4. How did Pocahontas's story get changed or romanticized over time?

Glossary

• Abduction: The act of taking someone away by force or trickery.
• Baptized: A religious ceremony where a person becomes part of the Christian church.
• Confederacy: A group of tribes or states joined together for a common purpose.
• Powhatan: A Native American group in Virginia, led by Chief Powhatan.
• Negotiation: A discussion to reach an agreement between two or more sides.